Oct 26, 2016 as mentioned above, the exact components of a cooling tower water treatment system depend on the quality of feed water and chemistry of circulatory water in relation to the quality of water needed for the specific cooling tower and related equipment according to the manufacturers recommendations, but in general, a basic cooling tower water. Do not circulate stagnant bulk cooling water over cooling tower fill or operate cooling tower fans during pretreatment. Permitted and prohibited discharge reference 7 groundwater from underground sumps and vaults 12 8 soapy lowconductivity water 14 9 lowconductivity water from wetblasting operation 15 10 lowconductivity water from klyston tubes 16 11 test stand cooling water. Water treatment cooling towers, evaporative condensers, ice. Water quality guidelines water treatment a proper water treatment program, administered under the supervision of a competent water treatment specialist, is an essential part of routine maintenance to ensure the safe operation and longevity of evaporative cooling. When choosing a cooling water treatment program, modeling software can be of great benefit.
If the instrument is of the level displacer type, it should be housed in a still well located in the pump basin. Cscn november 2006 w ith the extremely high cost of molybdenum in recent years, its use as a corrosion inhibitor or tracing agent in cooling water. Microbiological control strategy in cooling tower systems. Water treatment for cooling towers 1 of 2 email a colleague. Chapter 8 cooling towers system shutdown and startup. Suezs combination of cooling tower treatment chemicals, software, monitoring and industry expertise can help prevent these issues or aid in the recovery from a failure event. Water treatment chemicals utilized for cooling tower systems which contain molybdenum are prohibited in the jea sanitary sewer. Treatment and corrosion control of cooling water page 3 section 1 cooling water treatment introduction this document is based on the practical experience of chemical engineers working in the field in the main industrial centres in the united kingdom, from small factory units with cooling. Water analyses are commonly reported in ppm or parts per million. A cooling tower cannot cool water below the wet bulb temperature. Alternative water technology system for cooling tower applications. As the universal solvent, water is capable of dissolving a variety of materials as well as holding.
If the conductivity of the cooling water exceeds the front panel set point, the controller activates a blowdown process. Msds and relevant warningsafety label should be provided on the. Moisture recovery from cooling tower more than 20% or boiler flue gas. Without effective cooling water treatment, a cooling water system can suffer from scale formation, corrosion and fouling and may become a breeding ground for harmful bacteria such as those which cause legionnaires disease. Jan 16, 2014 cooling towers maintenance annual service procedure kentraining. Maintenance frequency depends on the type of the tower. If the tower is out of use for longer than a week, are there procedures in place to bring the tower back into operation safely.
Ozone treatment for cooling towers ozone water treatment. Sufficient information is included in this paper for a water treatment engineer to design. Cooling tower calculations water technology report. How to keep cooling tower basins clean all the time. Lab result shows existence of legionella more than 1 one c.
A conductivity controller monitors the electrical conductance of the cooling water. Turn off all chemical or nonchemical water treatment, conductivity meters and ph meters. Our field engineers average 16 years of experience with industrial water cooling, providing our customers with the highest level of expertise and service available. Operators can reduce cooling tower water consumption by. Technical reference for water conservation in cooling towers pub. It can be installed either in the water basin of the cooling tower or in a separate basin. A guideline on good operation and maintenance practice of fresh water cooling towers pdf format 2. The ratio of evaporation to blowdown is called the cycle of concentration.
Part 3 of this series of code of practice for fresh water cooling towers previously known. A psychromehic analysis of the air passing through a cooling tower illustrates this effect figure 2. Control of the water level in the cooling tower basin is via a level instrument of some description. The significance, meaning, and purpose of the tests in reference to water treatment are discussed briefly below. Warm recirculating water is sent to the cooling tower where a portion of the water is evaporated into the air passing. Makeup water usually is added to the cooling tower basin.
Electrochemical water treatment for cooling towers nrel. The cooling tower must be adequately sized to reject this same amount of. Each year, specify person or title will certify to the department of health, that all cooling towers were inspected, tested, cleaned, and disinfected in compliance with the doh regulations, that the condition of the cooling towers. Ozone treatment for cooling towers new energy and water saving technology to reduce cooling tower operating costs abstract the use of ozone as a maintenance treatment for cooling towers has. Water treatment cooling towers, evaporative condensers.
Cooling towers cool water by evaporating a small percentage of the recirculating water flow. Owners of buildings with cooling towers must register their towers, as required by the new york. Cooling tower wateris water circulated in an open system, such. For the sake of this document, cooling tower systems include open recirculating circuit coolers, fluid coolers, and evaporative coolers, closed evaporative condensers. Cooling system water treatment feedwater are experts in cooling water treatment and, as founder members of the legionella control association, you can have be confident we can keep your cooling. Air enters at the ambient condition point a, absorbs heat and mass moisture from the water. Use this form to document a facilitys water systems, help determine whether to conduct legionella environmental sampling, and, if so, develop a sampling plan. Cooling towers are used to reject heat through the natural process of evaporation. Preventive maintenance program and plan for cooling towers. Cooling towers can cycle water numerous times before the water becomes saturated and must. All cooling tower discharges must be in accordance with applicable state, local or federal rules and regulations. If the tower is used intermittently or is required at short notice, is it run at least once a week, so that water treatment chemicals are circulated to all parts of the system. Water and wastewater policies, procedures, and standards manual doc.
Alternative water treatment technologies for cooling tower. The following policies, standards, guidelines, etc. Cooling systems, whether openrecirculating cooling towers, closedloops or oncethrough systems are an essential component in many commercial, industrial and process environments where their primary purpose is to remove heat via a heat exchanger to water in a cooling. The cooling tower must be adequately sized to reject this same amount of heat to the atmosphere. Chemtreat is the knowledge leader in cooling treatment. New york city health department, office of building water supply oversight. Operation and maintenance this code of practice was prepared to promote the proper use of fresh water cooling towers with guidelines for cooling tower. Guide specification sheet flowmark water treatment. Cooling towers and sometimes closed chilled water loops are good. Cooling towers are recirculating water systems used to remove heat from building air conditioning equipment and industrial processes. Drift eliminators are installed to prevent water entrained in the air from leaving the system. The amount of water evaporated from the cooling tower is a function of the recirculation rate and cooling range. The cooling tower is often the forgotten component of a water cooling system when it comes to maintenance. Good quality makeup water such as municipally supplied drinking water or well water should have negligible microbes and nutrients to support biological growth.
As mentioned above, the exact components of a cooling tower water treatment system depend on the quality of feed water and chemistry of circulatory water in relation to the quality of water needed for the specific cooling tower and related equipment according to the manufacturers recommendations, but in general, a basic cooling tower water. An introduction to cooling tower water treatment cedengineering. After the university accepts the clean piping systems, the universitys water treatment contractor will provide the water treatment chemicals and services. A guide to troublefree cooling towers a basic understanding of cooling tower operation and maintenance will help keep a cooling water system running in top condition, year after year by david m. Monash university procedure 4 availability official change to registration form trim 2. The condition is aggravated by high alkalinity high ph and softened water. If the water is not properly treated and its quality maintained, corrosion, scale and. Cooling tower evaporative cooling system measurement and. Here evaporation occurs, removing heat along with the evaporated water. Preventive maintenance program and plan for cooling towers utica cfmu00018 r1 printed copies are considered uncontrolled. Cooling towers 249 example makeup water contains 0. It is recommended that all loose water scale, lime, mud, rust and other foreign matter be manually removed from tower basin prior to starting the cleaning. Cooling tower legionella risk assessment checklist template.
Code of practice for fresh water cooling towers part 2. To view more details or register go to the link below. Cooling water treatment for controlling suspended solids, algae growth, etc. Best management practice and guidance manual for cooling towers. Watertech university industrial water treatment training. Regular manual logging of water consumption and conductivity data of cooling. Treatment of cooling water will be different depending upon the kind of system in use. The specific test procedures are described in section 8. Find out why more businesses choose the tower water way. Suptic air conditioning and refrigeration systems ranging from light commercial to industrial applications may rely on cooling towers to remove waste. Technical information for cooling towers using recycled water. These nutrient sources can be from the cooling tower makeup water, from the air scrubbed out by the cooling tower water, and from the water treatment.
Our field engineers average 16 years of experience with industrial water cooling, providing our. Open recirculating cooling tower water system diagram. Cooling water treatment and analysing background correct cooling water treatment and followup of the cooling water condition are of utmost importance for keeping the cooling water systems of the engines in good condition. Cdc sampling procedure and potential sampling sites pdf icon 6 pages. Decommissioning of a cooling tower system the department of health must be notified on the above contact details within 30 days of the. Series 2 depicts manual, infrequent large incremental blowdown. The current state of water treatment in gsa buildings is to use conventional chemical based cooling tower water treatment to maintain cooling tower water. Its a good example of the phrase out of sight, out of mind. Open recirculating cooling water systems utilize cooling towers to reject heat through.
System components include piping infrastructure, valves, pumps, heat exchangers, the cooling tower structure, and cooling. Cooling tower maintenance program and plan template. Cooling is accomplished through the latent heat of vaporization. A newly installed cooling tower reliably delivers the design fluid temperature and flow rate.
The three largest cooling tower manufacturers in the us each offer a specific passivation protocol. Guides and recommended procedures for water treatment forms annual report. A basic guide to understanding industrial cooling water systems. Guides and recommended procedures for water treatment. Operation and maintenance of cooling towers must be in accordance with. For large cooling towers especially power plants, water treatment is the key area for energy conservation. These procedures can prevent loss of efficiency in the heat transfer section by maintaining proper water flow and airflow, as well as preventing corrosion in the cooling tower. A training on legionella water management programs. Obtain the rated capacity of the recirculation pumps in the cooling system. The term induced draft denotes that air is drawn by fans through the flow of falling water and up and out of the cooling tower. Cti standards are meant as guides for industry and may not encompass every situation that may occur. Water treatment for power plant cooling towers electric power. Water treatment the purpose of a cooling tower is to remove the heat generated by an hvac system cooling of compressor refrigerant and heat generated by the compressor itself.
However, since its heat transfer operation creates. Set up cooling tower blowdown system according to the manufacturers recommendations based upon the site water analysis as specified in part 1. Perform one of the two biocide pretreatment procedures described in startup for drained systems directly to the cooling tower sump or remote storage tank. The cooling tower is operated at five cycles of concentration and a cooling water product that contains 4 % of orthophosphate is being applied. This should be located in the relatively still waters of the pump basin. Corrosion, deposition, fouling, and biological growth can derail your operations. Metering water put into and discharged from the cooling tower ensures the cooling tower. Pdf electrochemical water treatment for cooling towers. Cooling towers maintenance annual service procedure youtube. What is a cooling tower water treatment system and how. To manage cooling tower water treatment gsa typically contracts with a company. In technical terms, cooling towers are engineered and designed based on a specified cooling load, expressed in refrigeration tons. Water quality guidelines water treatment a proper water treatment program, administered under the supervision of a competent water treatment specialist, is an essential part of routine maintenance to ensure the safe operation and longevity of evaporative cooling equipment, as well as other system components.
Guides and recommended procedures for water treatment forms. What is a cooling tower water treatment system and how does. Our cooling tower water treatment programs are designed to provide proper chemical water treatment and preventive maintenance of open recirculating, oncethrough and closed recirculating cooling tower. Reducing that water demand and saving energy in the process. The corrosion processes that could occur due to a bad cooling water. Cooling tower legionella risk assessment checklist. An hvac heating, ventilating, and air conditioning cooling tower is used to dispose of reject unwanted heat from a chiller. The maintenance program and plan mpp is a detailed plan customized for a cooling tower system that describes operational and administrative strategies and process control measures to be taken to prevent and control the growth of legionella.
Testing cooling tower water for total bacteria and. Cooling tower monitoring and environmental compliance. During blowdown, some of the highly conductive water is released and chemicals are added to the tower water. Pathogens diseasecausing organisms that include bacteria, amoebas and viruses, as well as the eggs and larvae of parasitic worms. Water treatment for cooling towers 1 of 2 water treatment helps ensure that heattransfer surfaces perform to design specifications by amanda meitz, senior microbiologist, nalco diversified technologies, inc. Dec 04, 2017 approach is the difference between the cold cooling water temperature and the wet bulb temperature of the air. This public works technical bulletin pwtb transmits the industrial water treatment procedures handbook.
Normally, the approach is with 7 to 10 degrees of the wet bulb temperature. The cooling tower is a unit designed to remove heat produced from a certain usually industrial process into the surrounding air via water. In a number of cases, blowdown has been treated as an unrelated procedure to. Legionella environmental investigation resources cdc. They require specialized maintenance to ensure safe, efficient, and reliable operation, including an effective water treatment program. Score will be awarded for adoption of cooling tower water treatment system.
Tower water has been a leading water treatment service provider throughout the new york city area and new jersey since 1992. Chapter 8 cooling towers system shutdown and start. Best management practice and guidance manual for cooling. Using highly treated recycled water for nonpotable purposes is an effective way.
In control of water treatment, certain tests or water analyses are necessary. For maximum water efficiency, cooling towers should be operated at six or more cycles of concentration. The owners of cooling tower installations should maintain proper conditions of the fresh water cooling towers to minimize contamination and nuisances to the public. Procedures for identifying cooling towers use this resource to help locate cooling towers quickly and accurately within a geographic area. Chemical treatment of water for cooling and heating systems. Water cooled chillers are normally more energy efficient than aircooled chillers due to heat rejection to tower water at or near wetbulb temperatures. Permitted and prohibited discharge reference 7 groundwater from underground sumps and vaults 12 8 soapy lowconductivity water 14 9 lowconductivity water from wetblasting operation 15 10 lowconductivity water from klyston tubes 16 11 test stand cooling water 17 12 chiller flushing 18. Place hvac watertreatment system into operation and calibrate controls during the preliminary phase of hvac systems startup procedures. Cooling towers 248 cooling product testing and control by dave christophersen, cwt originally published. During cooling tower operation, ph of the cooling water overtime will increase due to the addition of water treatment chemicals, increase of alkalinity while operating at higher cycles, and adding co2.
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